+
This site was created in order to better understand the history and the future where it is headed.
There are six ways to advertise
One is Billboard
Two is Newspapers
Three is Radio
Four is Television
Five is Movies
Six is the Internet
Examples of Ads.
1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H02iwWCrXew
2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LU2yt6wOoK0&feature=related
Below is the papers the show the History and Future
History
The History of Advertising
Advertising is defined as, “any paid form of nonpersonal presentation and
promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor” (American
Marketing Association). Advertising is responsible for 2/3 of all revenue
from print media such as, newspapers and magazines, and practically all of
the revenue for broadcasting which includes TV and radio
Advertising played a monumental role in establishing America. It was through the ads in England proclaiming the supposed free, fertile farmland available in the Americas that people were even intrigued to venture out to seek a better life in the unknown. It was not until the 1800s that consumer advertising was widely used. Even though the ads were now directed towards retail customers they were still simple (Rodman, 428).
The advertising industry really started to expand due to the Industrial
Revolution in the 1830s. This was the time of urbanization, factories, mass
production, and advances of innovations and transportation.
Advertising continued to play a key role as time went on and became a key
supporter of health, hygiene, wars, and the basis of society.
Volney Palmer of Philadelphia solved this problem by created the position of
an ad broker in 1841.
Throughout the 1800’s the advertising industry was chaotic, and considered
“out of control” (Rodman, 431). During these early stages the U.S.
government practiced a “hands-off” policy, or also known as Laissez- faire
(Rodman, 431).
“The Pure Food and Drug Act” was thus passed in 1906.
This was the first step of government regulations that were set. Soon after,
the Federal Trade Commission was established in 1914. This served as the
ultimate watch dog over business and advertising accountabilities.
Early advertising was mainly used as wartime propaganda, beginning in 1914
and expanding throughout the First World War
. Teenagers were not targeted
by the advertising world until the 1950s.
Although advertising was not aimed towards the teenage population until the
1950s, the basis had been set for their culture to become consumers since
the 1930s. In 1936, Life
magazine published its first edition, this magazine later became the first
to carry $100 million in published advertising per issue
In 1955 the "teenager" finally
emerges into the free-spending culture.
Coca-Cola launched one of the first advertisements directed primarily at
teenagers, using the slogan "Be True to Your School"
(http://findarticles.com).
Then in the early 1960s teenagers became more active in politics forcing
their recognition in controversies, such as the Civil Rights Policy and the
Vietnam War.
Teenagers were so involved in these
issues that in 1965 Time magazine named the American teenager person of the
year, arguing that "never have the young been so assertive or articulate"
(http://findarticles.com). .
In 1963, "The Pepsi Generation" kicks off the cola wars, a battle between
Coca-cola's nostalgic product and Pepsi-Cola, aimed toward the future
generations.
This advertising campaign emphasized the concept of the youth as the Pepsi
Generation that some social critics have actually relabeled Generation X,
Pepsi Generation.
The Code of Ethics, also known as American Association of Advertising Agencies, was established in 1924. The advertising industry runs on a system of self-regulation in which codes and guidelines are respected on a self-imposed basis. This type of governing system allows for a reasonable freedom of speech and expression with the industry. Under the Code of Ethics, employees are meant to know and respect the bylaws within which the industry is run.
During the 1990s, many strides were taken to control advertising that is
directed at teenagers. One
restriction is from the Children’s Advertising Review Unit (CARU) which in
1996 added
Future
There are many factors that influence a person’s choice to purchase one item over another. The job of advertising is to ensure that the company advertised is the one that receives the consumer’s approval.
A substantial argument towards advertising is the belief that advertisers should have the same rights, pertaining to freedom of speech, as any other form of speech. The government states that because it provides paid ads that contain a persuasive nature they should be limited.
Another problem is whether the ads are ethical. It is not only morally, but lawful to display fact. It is hard to determine what is truthful, especially since in more recent years advertisements have become equivalent to entertainment.
These concerns intensify with children and teenagers. These groups are known to follow trends, to be too emotionally susceptible to psychological needs, buy things they do not need and cannot afford, and are used by advertisers to persuade their parents into purchases.
Additional watchdogs have been set up for adolescent protection such as the parent group National PTA, and Action for Children’s TV.
Junk food ads along with alcohol and cigarette ads have, and still currently are key components that carry many negative effects on youth.
On average the specific number of exposure is about 2000 messages per day, and over 16 minutes of ads an hour during prime time TV (Rodman).
Advertising toward children is hard to accomplish because one has to be
careful of advertising to a group of children.
An ad might look good, but can have some critics complaining that it
is directed at children to start smoking or drinking.
The
CARU (Children’s Advertising Review Unit) is a large contributor to
promoting healthy products. It has had ten different companies promise that
they would devote at least half of their television, radio, print, and
Internet ads, to promote healthy living.
Product advertising has to tweak its tactics to best reach its ideal
demographic. Advertisers use
product placement in movies because teenagers are more likely to buy the
products shown.
Cool-hunting is a term that was used in the early 1990s, referring to a new
breed of marketing in which a web blogger is used to find the upcoming
trends. There are cool-hunting firms that predict future trends and sell
their data and reports to big corporations. Many of these companies use web
bloggers to get ahead in the game.
In
most cases, advertising as American consumers have come to know it, is based
on the most direct forms, such as commercials and printed propaganda.
Recently in history, however, advertising has moved into a less
direct form known as stealth advertising and product placement.
More recently, advertisers have been blamed for the development of child
obesity due to product placement within television and movies (O’Neil).
Although this form of advertising is not illegal, it has become a
part of everyday pop culture that encourages children to overeat
At
the moment, the current trend within advertising is product placement;
however, it has not always been this way.
There have been various forms of advertising used in history, but
some of the most popular have not only been in control at one point or
another but have also survived in the advertising world today.
Radio, television, and the internet have been considered the cheapest forms
of advertising that include the ability to reach mass audiences (Jack’s).
Most forms of advertising use catchy slogans, jingles, or creative
imaging to promote products to consumers.
One
job opportunity for those in advertising is account executive.
In this line of work, the executive’s job is largely based on numbers
and meeting a sales quota.
There are two types of account executives: inside and outside sales agents.
Another
part of advertising is through sales agents.
Employment opportunities within the field of advertising are expected to
grow at an average rate. The
success of advertising jobs relies heavily on the business cycle.
Another type of job within the advertising industry is working at an
advertising agency. Within an
agency there are many types of jobs that require different types of skills.
The most critical part of an ad agency is the creative department.
Another section of the advertising agency is that of account management.
In this area, an account executive designs campaigns for a client,
stays in contact with the client to relay new information, and makes sure
that the ad is placed correctly.
The
creative services department of an ad agency has contacts with various media
groups and can negotiate prices.
The
final department in an advertising agency is that of traffic.
This department ensures efficiency within an agency and with more
employees; it splits up the workload of everyone making jobs more attainable
(Wikipedia).
Although tactics have changed, the
moral principles behind it have remained the same.
Advertising will always be a key part of every business’ strategy to
further develop its product and image.
We would like to thank the Web site and the books that help us make up this papers.
Works Cited
Advertising." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 30 Oct 2007. 30 Oct 2007 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising.>.
"Definition: Subliminal Perception." SelfGrowth.Com. 2007. 27 Nov. 2007 <http://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/Definition_Subliminal_Perception.html>.
O'Neil, Brendan. "Could You Feel Sorry for an Ad Man?" BBC. 21 Nov. 2005. British Broadcasting Company. 27 Nov. 2007 <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/4456176.stm>.
"PBS Parents. Children and Media. Advertising. Teens.." PBS Parents. 29 Oct 2007 <http://www.pbs.org/parents/childrenandmedia/ads-teens.html>.
Rodman, George. Mass Media in a Changing World.
McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008.
Shin, Annys. "Ads Aimed at Children Get Tighter Scrutiny." Washingtonpost.com. November 15, 2006. 29 Oct 2007
"Definition: Subliminal Perception." SelfGrowth.Com. 2007. 27 Nov. 2007 <http://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/Definition_Subliminal_Perception.html>.
"Jack's Guide to
Advertising." Because You Can Grow. 2006. Welsch Assembly Government. 28
Nov 2007 <http://becauseyoucan.com/home/grow_your_business/sales/the_different_types_of_ad.stml>.